properties of enzyme
Enzyme are protein catalyst that increase the velocity
of chemical reaction. In previous video I make a video on enzyme link on the
discerption.
of chemical reaction. In previous video I make a video on enzyme link on the
discerption.
A. Active
site: enzyme molecules contain a special pocket called the active site. The
active site contains amino acid side chains that participate in substrate
binding and catalysis. The substrate binds the enzyme forming enzyme substrate
ES complex. ES is converted to an enzyme product EP complex.
site: enzyme molecules contain a special pocket called the active site. The
active site contains amino acid side chains that participate in substrate
binding and catalysis. The substrate binds the enzyme forming enzyme substrate
ES complex. ES is converted to an enzyme product EP complex.
B. Catalytic
efficiency: enzyme catalyzed reaction are highly efficient proceeding from 10 to
the power 3 to 10 to the power 8 time faster than uncatalyzed reactions. The
number of molecule of a substrate converted to product per enzyme molecule per
second is called the turnover number or Kcat.
efficiency: enzyme catalyzed reaction are highly efficient proceeding from 10 to
the power 3 to 10 to the power 8 time faster than uncatalyzed reactions. The
number of molecule of a substrate converted to product per enzyme molecule per
second is called the turnover number or Kcat.
C. Specificity:
enzyme is highly specific, interacting with one or a few substrate and
catalyzing only one type of chemical reaction. The set of enzymes made in a
cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell.
enzyme is highly specific, interacting with one or a few substrate and
catalyzing only one type of chemical reaction. The set of enzymes made in a
cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell.
D. Holoenzymes:
some enzyme require molecules other than proteins for enzymic activity. The
term holoenzyme refers to the active enzyme with its nonprotein component where
the enzyme without its nonprotein moiety is termed and apoenzyme and is
inactive. If the non-protein moiety is a metal ion such as Zn2+ it’s called a cofactor.
Coenzyme that only transiently associate with the enzyme are called
cosubstrates. Co enzyme frequently are derived from vitamins for example NAD+
some enzyme require molecules other than proteins for enzymic activity. The
term holoenzyme refers to the active enzyme with its nonprotein component where
the enzyme without its nonprotein moiety is termed and apoenzyme and is
inactive. If the non-protein moiety is a metal ion such as Zn2+ it’s called a cofactor.
Coenzyme that only transiently associate with the enzyme are called
cosubstrates. Co enzyme frequently are derived from vitamins for example NAD+
E. Regulation:
enzyme activity can be regulated that is increased or decrease so that the rate
of product formation responds to cellular need.
enzyme activity can be regulated that is increased or decrease so that the rate
of product formation responds to cellular need.
F. Location
within the cell: many enzymes are localized in specific organelles within the
cell. Such compartmentalization serves to isolate the reaction substrate or
product from other competing reactions. A favorable environment for the
reaction and organizes the thousands of enzymes presents in the cell into
purposeful pathways.
within the cell: many enzymes are localized in specific organelles within the
cell. Such compartmentalization serves to isolate the reaction substrate or
product from other competing reactions. A favorable environment for the
reaction and organizes the thousands of enzymes presents in the cell into
purposeful pathways.
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